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Survivors mark 75th anniversary of world’s 1st atomic bomb attack

A woman holds a photograph of her grandfather who survived the Hiroshima atomic bomb as she has her photograph taken by a relative next to the Victims Memorial Cenotaph during the 75th anniversary of the Hiroshima atomic bombing, on Aug. 6, 2020, in Hiroshima, Japan. (Carl Court/Getty Images)

HIROSHIMA, Japan (AP) — The dwindling witnesses to the world’s first atomic bombing marked its 75th anniversary Thursday, with Hiroshima’s mayor and others noting as hypocritical the Japanese government’s refusal to sign a nuclear weapons ban treaty.

Mayor Kazumi Matsui urged world leaders to more seriously commit to nuclear disarmament, pointing out Japan’s failures.

“I
ask the Japanese government to heed the appeal of the (bombing
survivors) to sign, ratify and become a party to the Treaty on the
Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons,” Matsui said in his peace declaration.
“As the only nation to suffer a nuclear attack, Japan must persuade the
global public to unite with the spirit of Hiroshima.”

His speech
highlights what survivors feel is the hypocrisy of Japan’s government,
which hosts 50,000 American troops and is protected by the U.S. nuclear
umbrella. Tokyo has not signed the nuclear weapons ban treaty adopted in
2017, despite its non-nuclear pledge, a failure to act that atomic
bombing survivors and pacifist groups call insincere.

The U.S.
dropped its first atomic bomb on Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945, destroying
the city and killing 140,000 people. The U.S. dropped a second bomb
three days later on Nagasaki, killing another 70,000. Japan surrendered
Aug. 15, ending World War II and its nearly half-century of aggression
in Asia.

Survivors, their relatives and other participants marked the 8:15 a.m. blast anniversary with a minute of silence.

Thursday’s
peace ceremony at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park was scaled down
because of the coronavirus pandemic. The fewer than 1,000 attendees was
one-tenth of those attending in past years.

Some survivors and
their relatives prayed at the park’s cenotaph before the ceremony. The
registry of the atomic bombing victims is stored at the cenotaph, whose
inscription reads “Let all the souls here rest in peace for we shall not
repeat the mistake.”

Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, in his speech at
the ceremony, said Japan is committed to nuclear weapons ban but a
nuclear free world cannot be achieved overnight and that it has to start
from dialogue between opposite sides.

“Japan’s position is to
serve as a bridge between different sides and patiently promote their
dialogue and actions to achieve a world without nuclear weapons,” Abe
said. Nuclear policies are divided amid a harsh security environment, so
it is necessary to create common ground first, he said.

U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said there is nothing in between.

”The
only way to totally eliminate nuclear risk is to totally eliminate
nuclear weapons,” he said in his video message from New York for the
occasion.

“Seventy-five years is far too long not to have learned
that the possession of nuclear weapons diminishes, rather than
reinforces, security,” he said. “Today, a world without nuclear weapons
seems to be slipping further from our grasp.”

An aging group of
survivors, known as hibakusha, feel a growing urgency to tell their
stories, in hopes of reaching a younger generation. Many peace events,
including their talks, leading up to the anniversary had been cancelled
due to the coronavirus, but some survivors have teamed with young
students or pacifist groups to speak at online events, sometimes
connecting with international audiences.

On the 75th anniversary, elderly survivors, whose average age now exceeds 83, lamented the slow progress of nuclear disarmament.

They
expressed anger over what they said was the Japanese government’s
reluctance to help and listen to those who suffered from the atomic
bombing.

“Abe’s words and actions don’t seem to match,” said
Manabu Iwasa, 47, who came to the park to pray for his father, a
survivor who died at age 87 in March. “Japan apparently sides with the
U.S. and make more effort toward nuclear weapons ban,” he said. “It’s
frustrating, but there is not much we individuals can do.”

Keiko
Ogura, 84, who survived the atomic bombing at age 8, wants non-nuclear
states to pressure Japan into signing the nuclear weapons prohibition
treaty. “Many survivors are offended by the prime minister of this
country who does not sign the nuclear weapons prohibition treaty,” said
Ogura.

She and other members of her group of English interpreters
are providing a virtual tour of the park from the cenotaph, reaching
out to audiences from around the world.

Survivors also urged world
leaders, especially those from nuclear weapons states, to visit
Hiroshima and see the reality of the atomic bombing.